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Published on 27th August 2009 by Harry Butler

29 Comments

Guide

Keeping your SSD TRIMIf you re a PC enthusiast, then SSDs are one of the most exciting new products to arrive in years. Installing one in your system can have a huge impact, be it in greatly improved system boot times, application start-ups, or just giving you a generally more responsive and smoother operating system experience.

However, just like hard disk drives when they become defragmented, MLC SSD performance can degrade overtime following heavy use when cells of data on the drive become partially filled with deleted files.

Reusing these cells requires the drive to offload the data that s still needed to the cache before rewriting it elsewhere; this results in a read/erase/modify/write process that takes far longer than just sending a simple write command to an empty cell. This is one reason that SSD performance suffers over time, and this effect can compromise performance to a significant degree.

For evidence, take a look at the two HD-Tach screen shots below. One is of an OCZ Vertex as it performs out of the box with the latest v1571 firmware. The other is the same drive after a full OS install, extended use with none of the tweaks and fixes listed here and a good few months of abuse. The difference works out to about 40MB/s over the drive s average read - that s a performance hit of almost 17 percent.

Extended heavy use can reduce SSD performance - compare the new and heavily used OCZ Vertex above

While some SSDs boast garbage collection or self healing algorithms to reverse performance degradation, and Windows 7 promises to introduce the TRIM command that automatically clears out deleted files from partially filled cells, the best way to avoid these problems is to minimise your operating system s abuse of your drive.

Taking a hammer to an SSD will unsurprisingly, not restore performance

Windows Vista is the key culprit here as it was written to make continued use of the hard drive, even when idle, be it background defragmentation, pre-fetching often-used files into the system s page file or continually re-indexing files for search purposes. While these can have a positive impact on the smoothness of a system fitted with a HDD, when you ve got an SSD system these features are rendered mostly useless due to the much improved read and response times. Leaving them enabled will actually compromise you re SSD s performance over time.

Lucky for you then that here at bit-tech we ve been benchmarking and playing with SSDs for over nine months now, and have amassed a few tips and tricks with which to optimise Windows for SSDs. Jump to the next page to get started.

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Published on 27th August 2009 by Harry Butler 29 Comments Guide Windows Vista SSD TweaksThe first thing you should do is make sure any form of disk defragmentation is disabled. To do this, right click the drive in My Computer and browse to the SSD s Properties Tools Defragmentation and make sure that scheduled defragmentation is set to never for your drive. As access times for any part of an SSD are the same, they don t suffer from defragmentation in the same way as hard disk drives, although Windows won t recognise this. Leaving it enabled will mean your system will spend time pointlessly moving files around the SSD, needlessly degrading performance.

In a similar vein, it s advisable to stop your Vista using a page file also known as virtual memory on your SSD. This is another useful feature when it comes to mechanical disk drives, but the constant write and rewrite commands it involves will degrade an SSD s performance. To disable it, right click My Computer and browse to Properties Advanced System Settings Advanced Performance Settings Advanced Change and set it so your SSD is listed as having No paging file. However because Vista and Windows 7 will simply switch to using your available RAM for the data that would fill the page file, you ll need at least 4GB of memory, if not more, to completely disable it and not suffer from a slow system.

Click to enlarge - disabling disk defrag and the page file is easy and will spare your SSD from OS thrashingl

Bear in mind however that some recent games, such as Arma II and Dawn of War 2 have been specifically coded to make use of virtual memory and may not work properly without a page file. While most games will still work perfectly, you can still set a page file to operate on any other mechanical drive you still have installed in your system to ensure maximum compatibility without thrashing your SSD.

It s also worth disabling Vista s pre-fetch service, Superfetch, which pre-loads often used applications into your system s memory ready for speedier launching. While this process doesn t spank your SSD in the way defraging or the page file will, it s rendered a bit worthless by an SSD s near instant response times and increased speeds. Disable it by browsing to the Services menu and disabling Superfetch at start-up.

Click to enlarge - Disabling Superfetch is worthwhile, but search and Indexing are worth leaving enabled.

You can also use this opportunity to disable the Windows Search service if you like, although we prefer to leave it enabled as search is one of the most useful features of both Windows Vista and Windows 7, and its performance footprint is slight.

In the same vein some argue that it s also worth disabling drive indexing on your SSD to stop Windows accessing the drive in the background, although we ve found that, like search, this process has only a very small impact on drive performance and the benefits of having it enabled far outweigh the tiny drive usage. What s the point in paying the premium for an SSD if you just switch off everything that uses it after all. Prev Next Share This Guide

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More Windows SSD TweaksAs SSD performance degradation often occurs following extended periods of multiple writes, installing an operating system and the numerous service and security updates, as well as programs and drivers involved in that process can make a real mess of an SSD s performance. To avoid this, it s worth looking into drive imaging software like Acronis TrueImage and installing your OS onto a separate drive before imaging the data onto your SSD.

As the imaging process acts as one single continuous write instead of numerous small ones, it minimises the cell fragmentation that can decrease performance.

Below, we took the fragmented and performance degraded drive from Page 1 and imaged it to a brand new clean OCZ Vertex, immediately recovering 20MB/s of the lost write speed. Imaging software is also invaluable for creating exact backups of your drive if you plan to regularly update your SSD s firmware, a process you should very much consider especially if using an Indilinx-based drive such as the OCZ Vertex, as firmware updates arrive fairly regularly.

Click to enlarge - Acronis True Image is a powerful imaging tool, able to back up the full contents of a drive in just a few clicks

Damage RecoveryIf you ve had an SSD for a while running without these tweaks enabled though, it s likely that you re already a victim of performance degradation. While an effective garbage collection algorithm to restore performance is coming to Indilinx based SSDs, the most reliable way to restore an SSD to its original speeds is to perform a secure erase of the drive, for which we recommend using DOS based application HDDerase - don t forget to backup your data first though.

Using a bootable flash drive it s a simple application to use, but be aware that as it was originally developed for the NSA, once run on ANY disk drive the data deleted is totally irrevocable, so don t use it lightly. You ll need to plug your SSD into either the P0, P1, S0 or S1 SATA ports for HDDerase to recognise the drive refer to your motherboard s manual if unsure which port is which, and you ll also need to set the ports in question from Enhanced or AHCI SATA to Legacy mode in your motherboard s BIOS.

Click to enlarge - On the left is a fully abused Vertex and on the right the same install on the same drive after it was imaged off, the drive secure erased, and then imaged back

By combining an imaged backup of your heavily used SSD and a secure HDDerase wipe of degraded SSD, it s quite possible to recover a significant amount of drive performance, even on a well used drive, as we ve shown above.

Also of interest is that despite Windows 7 s much talked about support for SSDs, we ve yet to see an SSD bearing any kind of works with Windows 7 logo. We ve learned that this is due to Microsoft insisting that SSDs must show absolutely no signs of performance degradation even when filled to 100 per cent of their capacity to gain Windows 7 accreditation - quite a caveat for manufacturers to deal with. While no SSD currently on sale is able to make such a claim, what we ve seen of Indilinx s new garbage collection algorithm Currently in a public beta program for OCZ Vertex users certainly indicates that we re not too far off from degradation free drives.

That s all for today, but we ll return in the future with more tips on how to optimise and tweak for SSD performance, as well as how to make the most of the limited drive capacity on offer. Did we miss any tips or tricks you know of. Have you taken the plunge and grabbed yourself some solid state goodness. Let us know your thoughts and experiences in the forum.

Mar 03, 2010  Western Digital is the first of the hard drive manufacturers to embrace SSD technology. Their new SiliconEdge Blue SSD is a mainstream SSD available in.

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